DEFCON 20 CTF PREQUALS 2012 – FORENSICS 300 WRITEUP

<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #666666; font-family: Bitter, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 28px; margin-bottom: 1.5em; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> Let’s start with the <strong style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Forensics 300 </strong>writeup.</div> <div style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #666666; font-family: Bitter, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 28px; margin-bottom: 1.5em; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> The description of the challenge was just “<em style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Please get my key back!</em>“, and we were provided with a file named <em style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">for300-47106ef450c4d70ae95212b93f11d05d</em>.</div> <div style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #666666; font-family: Bitter, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 28px; margin-bottom: 1.5em; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> Let’s start examining the file:</div> <div style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #666666; font-family: Bitter, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 28px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> <div class="syntaxhighlighter plain" id="highlighter_381396" style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1em !important; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 1em 0px !important; outline: 0px; overflow-x: auto !important; overflow-y: hidden !important; padding: 0px; position: relative !important; vertical-align: baseline; width: 800px;"> <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="-webkit-box-shadow: none !important; background-image: none !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-spacing: 0px; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: #777777; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: 800px;"><tbody style="-webkit-box-shadow: none !important; background-image: none !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"> <tr style="-webkit-box-shadow: none !important; background-image: none !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"><td class="gutter" style="-webkit-box-shadow: none !important; background-image: none !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: rgb(175, 175, 175) !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2" style="-webkit-box-shadow: none !important; background-image: none !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-right-color: rgb(108, 226, 108) !important; border-right-style: solid !important; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border-width: 0px 3px 0px 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px 0.5em 0px 1em !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; text-align: right !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;"> 1</div> <div class="line number2 index1 alt1" style="-webkit-box-shadow: none !important; background-image: none !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-right-color: rgb(108, 226, 108) !important; border-right-style: solid !important; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border-width: 0px 3px 0px 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px 0.5em 0px 1em !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; text-align: right !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;"> 2</div> </td><td class="code" style="-webkit-box-shadow: none !important; background-image: none !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: 768px;"><div class="container" style="-webkit-box-shadow: none !important; background-image: none !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: relative !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"> <div class="line number1 index0 alt2" style="-webkit-box-shadow: none !important; background-image: none !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px 1em !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;"> <code class="plain plain" style="-webkit-box-shadow: none !important; background-image: none !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: black !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">francisco@sherminator:~/Downloads$ file for300-47106ef450c4d70ae95212b93f11d05d</code></div> <div class="line number2 index1 alt1" style="-webkit-box-shadow: none !important; background-image: none !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px 1em !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;"> <code class="plain plain" style="-webkit-box-shadow: none !important; background-image: none !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: black !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">for300-47106ef450c4d70ae95212b93f11d05d: data</code></div> </div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> </div> </div> <div style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #666666; font-family: Bitter, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 28px; margin-bottom: 1.5em; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> <span id="more-444" style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></div> <pre style="background-color: #eeeeee; border: 0px; color: #666666; font-family: 'Courier 10 Pitch', Courier, monospace; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.6; margin-bottom: 1.5em; max-width: 100%; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; vertical-align: baseline;"></pre> <div style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #666666; font-family: Bitter, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 28px; margin-bottom: 1.5em; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> Looks like the <em style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">file</em> utility wasn’t able to recognize the type of the file. So let’s inspect it with an hex editor:</div> <div style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #666666; font-family: Bitter, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 28px; margin-bottom: 1.5em; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> <a href="https://sysexit.files.wordpress.com/2012/06/f300hexeditor.png" style="border: 0px; color: #759b22; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"><img alt="" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-447" src="https://sysexit.files.wordpress.com/2012/06/f300hexeditor.png?w=800" style="border: 0px; clear: both; display: block; height: auto; margin: 1.5em auto; max-width: 100%;" title="f300hexeditor" /></a></div> <div style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #666666; font-family: Bitter, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 28px; margin-bottom: 1.5em; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> So it’s a firmware. That means that it’s time for <a href="http://code.google.com/p/binwalk/" style="border: 0px; color: #759b22; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">binwalk</a>, a tool designed to search into binary images for compressed data, filesystems and more.</div> <div style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #666666; font-family: Bitter, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 28px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> <div class="syntaxhighlighter plain" id="highlighter_54884" style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1em !important; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 1em 0px !important; outline: 0px; overflow-x: auto !important; overflow-y: hidden !important; padding: 0px; position: relative !important; vertical-align: baseline; width: 800px;"> <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="-webkit-box-shadow: none !important; background-image: none !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-spacing: 0px; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: #777777; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: 1388px;"><tbody style="-webkit-box-shadow: none !important; background-image: none !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"> <tr style="-webkit-box-shadow: none !important; background-image: none !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"><td class="gutter" style="-webkit-box-shadow: none !important; background-image: none !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: rgb(175, 175, 175) !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2" style="-webkit-box-shadow: none !important; background-image: none !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-right-color: rgb(108, 226, 108) !important; border-right-style: solid !important; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border-width: 0px 3px 0px 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px 0.5em 0px 1em !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; text-align: right !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;"> 1</div> <div class="line number2 index1 alt1" style="-webkit-box-shadow: none !important; background-image: none !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-right-color: rgb(108, 226, 108) !important; border-right-style: solid !important; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border-width: 0px 3px 0px 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px 0.5em 0px 1em !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; text-align: right !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;"> 2</div> <div class="line number3 index2 alt2" style="-webkit-box-shadow: none !important; background-image: none !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-right-color: rgb(108, 226, 108) !important; border-right-style: solid !important; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border-width: 0px 3px 0px 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px 0.5em 0px 1em !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; text-align: right !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;"> 3</div> <div class="line number4 index3 alt1" style="-webkit-box-shadow: none !important; background-image: none !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-right-color: rgb(108, 226, 108) !important; border-right-style: solid !important; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border-width: 0px 3px 0px 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px 0.5em 0px 1em !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; text-align: right !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;"> 4</div> <div class="line number5 index4 alt2" style="-webkit-box-shadow: none !important; background-image: none !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-right-color: rgb(108, 226, 108) !important; border-right-style: solid !important; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border-width: 0px 3px 0px 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px 0.5em 0px 1em !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; text-align: right !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;"> 5</div> <div class="line number6 index5 alt1" style="-webkit-box-shadow: none !important; background-image: none !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-right-color: rgb(108, 226, 108) !important; border-right-style: solid !important; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border-width: 0px 3px 0px 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px 0.5em 0px 1em !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; text-align: right !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;"> 6</div> <div class="line number7 index6 alt2" style="-webkit-box-shadow: none !important; background-image: none !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-right-color: rgb(108, 226, 108) !important; border-right-style: solid !important; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border-width: 0px 3px 0px 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px 0.5em 0px 1em !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; text-align: right !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;"> 7</div> </td><td class="code" style="-webkit-box-shadow: none !important; background-image: none !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: 1356px;"><div class="container" style="-webkit-box-shadow: none !important; background-image: none !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: relative !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"> <div class="line number1 index0 alt2" style="-webkit-box-shadow: none !important; background-image: none !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px 1em !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;"> <code class="plain plain" style="-webkit-box-shadow: none !important; background-image: none !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: black !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">francisco@sherminator:~/Desktop/binwalk-0.3.9/src$ ./binwalk for300-47106ef450c4d70ae95212b93f11d05d</code></div> <div class="line number2 index1 alt1" style="-webkit-box-shadow: none !important; background-image: none !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px 1em !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;">  </div> <div class="line number3 index2 alt2" style="-webkit-box-shadow: none !important; background-image: none !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px 1em !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;"> <code class="plain plain" style="-webkit-box-shadow: none !important; background-image: none !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: black !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">DECIMAL       HEX           DESCRIPTION</code></div> <div class="line number4 index3 alt1" style="-webkit-box-shadow: none !important; background-image: none !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px 1em !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;"> <code class="plain plain" style="-webkit-box-shadow: none !important; background-image: none !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: black !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------</code></div> <div class="line number5 index4 alt2" style="-webkit-box-shadow: none !important; background-image: none !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px 1em !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;"> <code class="plain plain" style="-webkit-box-shadow: none !important; background-image: none !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: black !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">108           0x6C          LZMA compressed data, properties: 0x5D, dictionary size: 33554432 bytes, uncompressed size: 3008436 bytes</code></div> <div class="line number6 index5 alt1" style="-webkit-box-shadow: none !important; background-image: none !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px 1em !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;"> <code class="plain plain" style="-webkit-box-shadow: none !important; background-image: none !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: black !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">983148        0xF006C       PackImg Tag, little endian size: 14690560 bytes; big endian size: 2744320 bytes</code></div> <div class="line number7 index6 alt2" style="-webkit-box-shadow: none !important; background-image: none !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px 1em !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;"> <code class="plain plain" style="-webkit-box-shadow: none !important; background-image: none !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: black !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">983180        0xF008C       Squashfs filesystem, little endian, version 4.0, size: 724610815 bytes, 1470 inodes, blocksize: 0 bytes, created: Sat Mar  6 09:29:04 1993</code></div> </div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> </div> </div> <div style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #666666; font-family: Bitter, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 28px; margin-bottom: 1.5em; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> We have a Squashfs in there, a read-only filesystem that is used on Live CDs and router firmware. We will try to extract that filesystem using <a href="https://code.google.com/p/firmware-mod-kit/" style="border: 0px; color: #759b22; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">firmware-mod-kit</a>:</div> <div style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #666666; font-family: Bitter, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 28px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> <div class="syntaxhighlighter plain" id="highlighter_850741" style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1em !important; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 1em 0px !important; outline: 0px; overflow-x: auto !important; overflow-y: hidden !important; padding: 0px; position: relative !important; vertical-align: baseline; width: 800px;"> <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="-webkit-box-shadow: none !important; background-image: none !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-spacing: 0px; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: #777777; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: 964px;"><tbody style="-webkit-box-shadow: none !important; background-image: none !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"> <tr style="-webkit-box-shadow: none !important; background-image: none !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"><td class="gutter" style="-webkit-box-shadow: none !important; background-image: none !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: rgb(175, 175, 175) !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2" style="-webkit-box-shadow: none !important; background-image: none !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-right-color: rgb(108, 226, 108) !important; border-right-style: solid !important; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border-width: 0px 3px 0px 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px 0.5em 0px 1em !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; text-align: right !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;"> 1</div> </td><td class="code" style="-webkit-box-shadow: none !important; background-image: none !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: 932px;"><div class="container" style="-webkit-box-shadow: none !important; background-image: none !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: relative !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"> <div class="line number1 index0 alt2" style="-webkit-box-shadow: none !important; background-image: none !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px 1em !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;"> <code class="plain plain" style="-webkit-box-shadow: none !important; background-image: none !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: black !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">francisco@sherminator:~/firmware-mod-kit-read-only/trunk$ ./extract-ng.sh for300-47106ef450c4d70ae95212b93f11d05d</code></div> </div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> </div> </div> <div style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #666666; font-family: Bitter, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 28px; margin-bottom: 1.5em; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> After a few minutes, firmware-mod-kit tells us that it finished its job, and that the output  is located at the <em style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">fmk/</em>directory.</div> <div style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #666666; font-family: Bitter, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 28px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> <div class="syntaxhighlighter plain" id="highlighter_531594" style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1em !important; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 1em 0px !important; outline: 0px; overflow-x: auto !important; overflow-y: hidden !important; padding: 0px; position: relative !important; vertical-align: baseline; width: 800px;"> <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="-webkit-box-shadow: none !important; background-image: none !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-spacing: 0px; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: #777777; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: 800px;"><tbody style="-webkit-box-shadow: none !important; background-image: none !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"> <tr style="-webkit-box-shadow: none !important; background-image: none !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"><td class="gutter" style="-webkit-box-shadow: none !important; background-image: none !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: rgb(175, 175, 175) !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2" style="-webkit-box-shadow: none !important; background-image: none !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-right-color: rgb(108, 226, 108) !important; border-right-style: solid !important; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border-width: 0px 3px 0px 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px 0.5em 0px 1em !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; text-align: right !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;"> 1</div> <div class="line number2 index1 alt1" style="-webkit-box-shadow: none !important; background-image: none !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-right-color: rgb(108, 226, 108) !important; border-right-style: solid !important; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border-width: 0px 3px 0px 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px 0.5em 0px 1em !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; text-align: right !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;"> 2</div> </td><td class="code" style="-webkit-box-shadow: none !important; background-image: none !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: 768px;"><div class="container" style="-webkit-box-shadow: none !important; background-image: none !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: relative !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"> <div class="line number1 index0 alt2" style="-webkit-box-shadow: none !important; background-image: none !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px 1em !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;"> <code class="plain plain" style="-webkit-box-shadow: none !important; background-image: none !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: black !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">francisco@sherminator:~/Desktop/fmk$ ls</code></div> <div class="line number2 index1 alt1" style="-webkit-box-shadow: none !important; background-image: none !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px 1em !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;"> <code class="plain plain" style="-webkit-box-shadow: none !important; background-image: none !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: black !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">image_parts  logs  rootfs</code></div> </div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> </div> </div> <div style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #666666; font-family: Bitter, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 28px; margin-bottom: 1.5em; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> There we have the filesystem of the firmware, right in the <strong style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">rootfs</strong> directory. Let’s see what can we find there:</div> <div style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #666666; font-family: Bitter, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 28px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> <div class="syntaxhighlighter plain" id="highlighter_287303" style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1em !important; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 1em 0px !important; outline: 0px; overflow-x: auto !important; overflow-y: hidden !important; padding: 0px; position: relative !important; vertical-align: baseline; width: 800px;"> <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="-webkit-box-shadow: none !important; background-image: none !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-spacing: 0px; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: #777777; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: 800px;"><tbody style="-webkit-box-shadow: none !important; background-image: none !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"> <tr style="-webkit-box-shadow: none !important; background-image: none !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"><td class="gutter" style="-webkit-box-shadow: none !important; background-image: none !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: rgb(175, 175, 175) !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2" style="-webkit-box-shadow: none !important; background-image: none !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-right-color: rgb(108, 226, 108) !important; border-right-style: solid !important; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border-width: 0px 3px 0px 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px 0.5em 0px 1em !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; text-align: right !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;"> 1</div> <div class="line number2 index1 alt1" style="-webkit-box-shadow: none !important; background-image: none !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-right-color: rgb(108, 226, 108) !important; border-right-style: solid !important; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border-width: 0px 3px 0px 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px 0.5em 0px 1em !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; text-align: right !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;"> 2</div> </td><td class="code" style="-webkit-box-shadow: none !important; background-image: none !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: 768px;"><div class="container" style="-webkit-box-shadow: none !important; background-image: none !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: relative !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"> <div class="line number1 index0 alt2" style="-webkit-box-shadow: none !important; background-image: none !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px 1em !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;"> <code class="plain plain" style="-webkit-box-shadow: none !important; background-image: none !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: black !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">francisco@sherminator:~/Desktop/fmk/rootfs$ ls</code></div> <div class="line number2 index1 alt1" style="-webkit-box-shadow: none !important; background-image: none !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px 1em !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;"> <code class="plain plain" style="-webkit-box-shadow: none !important; background-image: none !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: black !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">bin  dev  etc  home  htdocs  lib  mnt  proc  sbin  sys  tmp  usr  var  www</code></div> </div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> </div> </div> <div style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #666666; font-family: Bitter, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 28px; margin-bottom: 1.5em; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> Now let’s go straight to the <strong style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">/home/dlink</strong> folder:</div> <div style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #666666; font-family: Bitter, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 28px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> <div class="syntaxhighlighter plain" id="highlighter_245183" style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1em !important; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 1em 0px !important; outline: 0px; overflow-x: auto !important; overflow-y: hidden !important; padding: 0px; position: relative !important; vertical-align: baseline; width: 800px;"> <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="-webkit-box-shadow: none !important; background-image: none !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-spacing: 0px; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: #777777; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: 800px;"><tbody style="-webkit-box-shadow: none !important; background-image: none !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"> <tr style="-webkit-box-shadow: none !important; background-image: none !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"><td class="gutter" style="-webkit-box-shadow: none !important; background-image: none !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: rgb(175, 175, 175) !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2" style="-webkit-box-shadow: none !important; background-image: none !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-right-color: rgb(108, 226, 108) !important; border-right-style: solid !important; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border-width: 0px 3px 0px 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px 0.5em 0px 1em !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; text-align: right !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;"> 1</div> <div class="line number2 index1 alt1" style="-webkit-box-shadow: none !important; background-image: none !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-right-color: rgb(108, 226, 108) !important; border-right-style: solid !important; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border-width: 0px 3px 0px 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px 0.5em 0px 1em !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; text-align: right !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;"> 2</div> <div class="line number3 index2 alt2" style="-webkit-box-shadow: none !important; background-image: none !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-right-color: rgb(108, 226, 108) !important; border-right-style: solid !important; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border-width: 0px 3px 0px 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px 0.5em 0px 1em !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; text-align: right !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;"> 3</div> <div class="line number4 index3 alt1" style="-webkit-box-shadow: none !important; background-image: none !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-right-color: rgb(108, 226, 108) !important; border-right-style: solid !important; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border-width: 0px 3px 0px 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px 0.5em 0px 1em !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; text-align: right !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;"> 4</div> <div class="line number5 index4 alt2" style="-webkit-box-shadow: none !important; background-image: none !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-right-color: rgb(108, 226, 108) !important; border-right-style: solid !important; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border-width: 0px 3px 0px 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px 0.5em 0px 1em !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; text-align: right !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;"> 5</div> </td><td class="code" style="-webkit-box-shadow: none !important; background-image: none !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: 768px;"><div class="container" style="-webkit-box-shadow: none !important; background-image: none !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: relative !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"> <div class="line number1 index0 alt2" style="-webkit-box-shadow: none !important; background-image: none !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px 1em !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;"> <code class="plain plain" style="-webkit-box-shadow: none !important; background-image: none !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: black !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">francisco@sherminator:~/Desktop/fmk/rootfs/home/dlink$ ls -la</code></div> <div class="line number2 index1 alt1" style="-webkit-box-shadow: none !important; background-image: none !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px 1em !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;"> <code class="plain plain" style="-webkit-box-shadow: none !important; background-image: none !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: black !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">total 12</code></div> <div class="line number3 index2 alt2" style="-webkit-box-shadow: none !important; background-image: none !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px 1em !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;"> <code class="plain plain" style="-webkit-box-shadow: none !important; background-image: none !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: black !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">drwxrwxr-x 2 root root 4096 2012-05-30 18:24 .</code></div> <div class="line number4 index3 alt1" style="-webkit-box-shadow: none !important; background-image: none !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px 1em !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;"> <code class="plain plain" style="-webkit-box-shadow: none !important; background-image: none !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: black !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">drwxrwxr-x 3 root root 4096 2012-05-30 18:20 ..</code></div> <div class="line number5 index4 alt2" style="-webkit-box-shadow: none !important; background-image: none !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px 1em !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;"> <code class="plain plain" style="-webkit-box-shadow: none !important; background-image: none !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: black !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">-rw-r--r-- 1 root root   45 2012-05-30 18:24 key.txt</code></div> </div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> </div> </div> <div style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #666666; font-family: Bitter, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 28px; margin-bottom: 1.5em; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> And finally:</div> <div style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #666666; font-family: Bitter, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 28px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> <div class="syntaxhighlighter plain" id="highlighter_12676" style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1em !important; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 1em 0px !important; outline: 0px; overflow-x: auto !important; overflow-y: hidden !important; padding: 0px; position: relative !important; vertical-align: baseline; width: 800px;"> <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="-webkit-box-shadow: none !important; background-image: none !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-spacing: 0px; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: #777777; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: 800px;"><tbody style="-webkit-box-shadow: none !important; background-image: none !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"> <tr style="-webkit-box-shadow: none !important; background-image: none !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"><td class="gutter" style="-webkit-box-shadow: none !important; background-image: none !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: rgb(175, 175, 175) !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2" style="-webkit-box-shadow: none !important; background-image: none !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-right-color: rgb(108, 226, 108) !important; border-right-style: solid !important; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border-width: 0px 3px 0px 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px 0.5em 0px 1em !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; text-align: right !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;"> 1</div> <div class="line number2 index1 alt1" style="-webkit-box-shadow: none !important; background-image: none !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-right-color: rgb(108, 226, 108) !important; border-right-style: solid !important; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border-width: 0px 3px 0px 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px 0.5em 0px 1em !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; text-align: right !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;"> 2</div> </td><td class="code" style="-webkit-box-shadow: none !important; background-image: none !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: 768px;"><div class="container" style="-webkit-box-shadow: none !important; background-image: none !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: relative !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"> <div class="line number1 index0 alt2" style="-webkit-box-shadow: none !important; background-image: none !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px 1em !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;"> <code class="plain plain" style="-webkit-box-shadow: none !important; background-image: none !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: black !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">francisco@sherminator:~/Desktop/fmk/rootfs/home/dlink$ cat key.txt</code></div> <div class="line number2 index1 alt1" style="-webkit-box-shadow: none !important; background-image: none !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px 1em !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;"> <code class="plain plain" style="-webkit-box-shadow: none !important; background-image: none !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: black !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">ewe know, the sh33p always preferred Linksys</code></div> </div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> </div> </div> <div style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #666666; font-family: Bitter, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 28px; margin-bottom: 1.5em; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> So the key for this challenge was:  <strong style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">ewe know, the sh33p always preferred Linksys</strong></div>

DEFCON 20 CTF PREQUALS 2012 – FORENSICS 300 WRITEUP

Let’s start with the  Forensics 300  writeup. The description of the challenge was just “ Please get my key back! “, and we were provided...

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